A voluntary consensus standard is a type of standard developed or adopted by a Voluntary Consensus Standards Body through a voluntary consensus standards development process.
The process includes:
The term voluntary describes the standards development system and the non-governmental origin of the standard. It does not mean that every use of the standard remains optional. A law, regulation, procurement instrument, contract, or organizational policy may require conformance with a voluntary consensus standard.
Under United States federal standards policy, agencies use voluntary consensus standards instead of government-unique standards when such use is consistent with applicable law and practical for the agency's requirements.
Standard developed or adopted by a voluntary consensus standards body through an open, balanced, due-process-based, appealable, and consensus-based process.
* National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, Public Law 104-113 * Office of Management and Budget, Circular A-119: Federal Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary Consensus Standards and in Conformity Assessment Activities * National Institute of Standards and Technology, Federal Policy on Standards
Voluntary does not mean non-binding. An authority may incorporate a voluntary consensus standard into a regulation, procurement requirement, contract, conformance profile, or organizational policy.
OMB Circular A-119 distinguishes voluntary consensus standards from government-unique standards and from other private-sector standards that do not satisfy all attributes of the voluntary consensus process.
A standard does not qualify as a voluntary consensus standard solely because industry participants use it widely or because its content is publicly available.
A federal agency may incorporate a suitable voluntary consensus standard into a procurement specification instead of developing a government-unique technical standard.
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