====== RDF Triple ======

[[dido:99_annexes:annex-b-terms-and-definitions:start|Go up to Terms and Definitions]]

===== Discussion =====

An RDF triple represents one statement in [[dido:99_annexes:annex-b-terms-and-definitions:r:rdf|RDF]]. Each RDF triple contains a subject, predicate, and object.

The subject identifies the resource described by the statement. The predicate identifies the property or relationship. The object identifies the value, resource, or literal associated with the subject through the predicate.

The following simplified BNF shows the conceptual structure of an RDF triple. It does not replace the formal grammar of any RDF serialization.

<code bnf>
RDFTriple ::= Subject Predicate Object "."

Subject   ::= IRI | BlankNode

Predicate ::= IRI

Object    ::= IRI | BlankNode | Literal
</code>

The BNF does not constrain predicate naming style. RDF requires the predicate to identify a property or relationship. A predicate IRI represents relationships expressed in natural-language style as ''hasCounterparty'', ''isCounterpartyOf'', ''wasValidatedBy'', ''reportsFact'', ''dependsOn'', or other governed relationship names.

RDF triples form [[dido:99_annexes:annex-b-terms-and-definitions:r:rdf_graph|RDF graphs]]. An RDF graph consists of a set of RDF triples. The graph structure emerges from shared subjects, predicates, and objects across triples.

An RDF triple provides a representation structure. The triple carries [[dido:99_annexes:annex-b-terms-and-definitions:s:semantic|semantics]] when the subject, predicate, object, and associated vocabulary preserve [[dido:99_annexes:annex-b-terms-and-definitions:t:traceability|traceability]] to defined domain meaning.

===== Definition =====

//RDF statement composed of a subject, predicate, and object//

===== Source =====

W3C RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax; specialized for use in the FX Demo Reference Architecture.

===== Note =====

An RDF triple does not by itself establish domain meaning. Governed identifiers, controlled vocabularies, ontologies, schemas, rules, and domain models provide the semantic commitments that give the triple its intended interpretation.

The predicate role is structural. The predicate name is vocabulary-governed.

===== Example =====

An RDF triple represents one statement using a subject, predicate, and object.

^ Plain-language statement ^ Subject ^ Predicate ^ Object ^
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' has counterparty ''LEI-5493001KJTIIGC8Y1R12'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''hasCounterparty'' | ''LEI-5493001KJTIIGC8Y1R12'' |
| Legal entity ''LEI-5493001KJTIIGC8Y1R12'' is counterparty of FX trade ''Trade-123'' | ''LEI-5493001KJTIIGC8Y1R12'' | ''isCounterpartyOf'' | ''Trade-123'' |
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' has currency pair ''EUR/USD'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''hasCurrencyPair'' | ''EUR/USD'' |
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' has notional amount ''1000000'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''hasNotionalAmount'' | ''1000000'' |
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' has trade date ''2026-07-07'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''hasTradeDate'' | ''2026-07-07'' |
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' has settlement date ''2026-07-09'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''hasSettlementDate'' | ''2026-07-09'' |
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' has lifecycle state ''Confirmed'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''hasLifecycleState'' | ''Confirmed'' |
| FX trade ''Trade-123'' was validated by ''Validator-Structural-01'' | ''Trade-123'' | ''wasValidatedBy'' | ''Validator-Structural-01'' |
| Validation result ''Validation-456'' has result status ''Accepted'' | ''Validation-456'' | ''hasResultStatus'' | ''Accepted'' |
| Report ''Report-789'' reports fact ''Fact-001'' | ''Report-789'' | ''reportsFact'' | ''Fact-001'' |
| Report fact ''Fact-001'' has reporting jurisdiction ''EU'' | ''Fact-001'' | ''hasReportingJurisdiction'' | ''EU'' |
| Validation rule ''Rule-Settlement-Date-01'' governs field ''settlementDate'' | ''Rule-Settlement-Date-01'' | ''governs'' | ''settlementDate'' |

The same statements appear in Turtle-like notation as follows:

<code turtle>
:Trade-123 :hasCounterparty :LEI-5493001KJTIIGC8Y1R12 .
:LEI-5493001KJTIIGC8Y1R12 :isCounterpartyOf :Trade-123 .
:Trade-123 :hasCurrencyPair "EUR/USD" .
:Trade-123 :hasNotionalAmount "1000000"^^xsd:decimal .
:Trade-123 :hasTradeDate "2026-07-07"^^xsd:date .
:Trade-123 :hasSettlementDate "2026-07-09"^^xsd:date .
:Trade-123 :hasLifecycleState :Confirmed .
:Trade-123 :wasValidatedBy :Validator-Structural-01 .
:Validation-456 :hasResultStatus :Accepted .
:Report-789 :reportsFact :Fact-001 .
:Fact-001 :hasReportingJurisdiction :EU .
:Rule-Settlement-Date-01 :governs :settlementDate .
</code>

Each line is one RDF triple. The subject appears first, the predicate appears second, and the object appears third.

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